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[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=”3_4″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.0.106″ background_layout=”light”]<\/p>\n

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\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 “\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645… \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a”.(10)<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 “\u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646”.(11)<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”3.0.106″ src=”https:\/\/sitainstitute.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646-\u0648\u0628\u0646-\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”off” url_new_window=”off” use_overlay=”off” always_center_on_mobile=”on” force_fullwidth=”off” show_bottom_space=”on” \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.0.106″ background_layout=”light”]<\/p>\n

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\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062e \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

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[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”3.0.106″ src=”https:\/\/sitainstitute.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0628\u0646-\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”off” url_new_window=”off” use_overlay=”off” always_center_on_mobile=”on” force_fullwidth=”off” show_bottom_space=”on” \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.0.106″ background_layout=”light”]<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nU.S. Energy Information Administration. U.S. Energy Facts Explained. webpage, n.d. (accessed February 27, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3qfQ5X8<\/span>
\n(2) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nMegan Eckstein. No Margin Left: Overworked Carrier Force Struggles to Maintain Deployments After Decades of Overuse.USNI NEWS, November 12, 2020 (accessed February 25, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3uOOAml<\/span>
\n(3) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nNeta C. Crawford. The Iraq War has cost the US nearly $2 trillion. Militarytimes, February 6, 2020 (accessed March 1, 2021):http:\/\/bit.ly\/3sOMJwe<\/span>
\n(4) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nNeta C. Crawford. Human Cost of the Post-9\/11 Wars: Lethality and the Need for Transparency. Waston Institute for International and Public Affairs, November 2018 (accessed February 28, 2021): https:\/\/bit.ly\/3rjmIVi<\/span>
\n(5) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nMartin Indyk. The Middle East Isn\u2019t Worth It Anymore. Wall Street Journal, January 17, 2020 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/on.wsj.com\/3qbRdLC; Mara Karlin and Tamara Cofman Wittes. Getting America out of Middle East purgatory. Brookings, December 11, 2018 (accessed February 27, 2021): http:\/\/brook.gs\/3rh9Sqx<\/span>
\n(6) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nStatista. Import volume of crude oil imports to Japan in fiscal year 2019, by country. Statista webpage, May 2020 (accessed February 27): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3e7M7h2<\/span>
\n(7) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nBritish Petrolium. Statistical Review of World Energy, 69th ed., London, 2020 (accessed February 27, 2021): https:\/\/on.bp.com\/3sHIcLG<\/span>
\n(8) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nKarim Zaouaq. Bab El-Mandeb Strait: a Threatened Strategic Passage. Morocco World News, 2018 (accessed February 27, 2021): https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bfBhnf<\/span>
\n(9) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nThe White House. National Security Strategy. The White House website, May 2010 (accessed February 2021):https:\/\/bit.ly\/30aAWvJ<\/span>
\n(10) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nNPR. Transcript: Obama\u2019s Speech About The Arab World. NPR website, May 19, 2011 (accessed February 28, 2021): http:\/\/n.pr\/3e8YI3s<\/span>
\n(11) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nJeffrey Goldberg. The Obama Doctrine. The Atlantic, April 2016 (accessed February 28, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3bYPhRw<\/span>
\n(12) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nBarak Obama. The Promise Land (Crown: New York: 2020), p. 647<\/span>
\n(13) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nIbidJeffrey Goldberg. The Obama Doctrine. The Atlantic, April 2016<\/span>
\n(14) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nHelene Cooper. U.S. Blocks Arms Sale to Saudi Arabia Amid Concerns Over Yemen War. New York Times, December 13, 2016 (accessed February 28, 2021):http:\/\/nyti.ms\/3kPSqHh<\/span>
\n(15) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nJulian E. Barnes and Eric Schmitt. Trump Orders Withdrawal of U.S. Troops From Northern Syria. New York Times, October 13, 2019 (accessed February 28, 2021): http:\/\/nyti.ms\/388ECm7<\/span>
\n(16) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nHumeyra Pamuk. Exclusive: U.S. probe of Saudi oil attack shows it came from north. Reuters, December 19, 2019 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/reut.rs\/3c3u094<\/span>
\n(17) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nNATASHA BERTRAND and LARA SELIGMAN. Biden deprioritizes the Middle East. Politico, February 22, 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021):http:\/\/politi.co\/3sNOlGp<\/span>
\n(18) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nKIMBERLY AMADEO.How COVID-19 Has Affected the U.S. Economy. The Balance, February 24, 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3bh5YZc<\/span>
\n(19) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nLora Jones, Daniele Palumbo & David Brown. Coronavirus: How the pandemic has changed the world economy. BBC News, January 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/bbc.in\/3qg8umI<\/span>
\n(20) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nLora Jones, Daniele Palumbo & David Brown. Coronavirus: How the pandemic has changed the world economy. Ibid<\/span>
\n(21) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nBernie Sanders. Our Revolution (MacMillan, 2016), p.1<\/span>
\n(22) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nLauren Leatherby and Sarah Almukhtar. Democratic Delegate Count and Primary Election Results 2020. New York Times, September 14, 2020 (accessed March 2, 2021):http:\/\/nyti.ms\/2MJK9bc<\/span>
\n(23) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nCongressional Progressive Caucus. Caucus members. (accessed March 2, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3qgrPEj<\/span>
\n(24) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\n2020 Democratic Party Platform, July 27, 2020 (accessed March 2, 2021):https:\/\/bit.ly\/3rfSwKE, p. 91<\/span>
\n(25) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nJoe Biden. There’s a smarter way to be tough on Iran. CNN, September 23, 2020 (accessed March 2, 2021): http:\/\/cnn.it\/3c3herg<\/span>
\n(26) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nAlex Emmons, A\u00edda Ch\u00e1vez, Akela Lacy. JOE BIDEN, IN DEPARTURE FROM OBAMA POLICY, SAYS HE WOULD MAKE SAUDI ARABIA A \u201cPARIAH\u201d. The Intercept, November 21, 2019 (accessed March 2, 2021):http:\/\/bit.ly\/3uQTWgW<\/span>
\n(27) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nMahsa Rouhi. Reviving the Iran Nuclear Deal Gives Biden More Leverage, Not Less. Foreign Policy, Feb 15, 2021 (accessed March 2, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3kK2CB6<\/span>
\n(28) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nJulian Borger in Washington and Patrick Wintour. Biden announces end to US support for Saudi-led offensive in Yemen. The Guardian, February 4, 2021 (accessed February 27, 2021):http:\/\/bit.ly\/3beyE52<\/span>
\n(29) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nAnthony Capaccio. U.S. Slows Arms Sales to Saudi Arabia, U.A.E. for Review. Bloomberg, January 27, 2021 (accessed February 26, 2021):http:\/\/bloom.bg\/3kI0CcH<\/span>
\n(30) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nJulian Borger and Stephanie Kirchgaessner in Washington. Joe Biden speaks to Saudi Arabia’s King Salman before release of Khashoggi murder report. The Guardian, Feb 25, 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3sSuupk<\/span>
\n(31) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nState Department. Accountability for the Murder of Jamal Khashoggi. State Department website, February 26, 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/30eC8hy<\/span>
\n(32) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nMurtaza Hussain. THE SMEAR CAMPAIGN AGAINST ROBERT MALLEY \u2014 AND BIDEN\u2019S IRAN POLICY. The Intercept, January 28, 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3ed71ez<\/span>
\n(33) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nUS envoy Tim Lenderking heads back in push to end Yemen war. The Arab News, Feb 23, 2021 (accessed March 1, 2021):http:\/\/bit.ly\/3bZuTzz<\/span>
\n(34) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nHarry Cheadle. Matt Duss’s State Department Appointment Is Biden’s First Test on Israel. Blue Tent, February 16, 2021 (accessed March 2, 2021): http:\/\/bit.ly\/3e9xo5e<\/span>
\n(35) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/span>
\nNATASHA BERTRAND and LARA SELIGMAN. Biden deprioritizes the Middle East. Politico, February 22, 2021 (accessed March 2, 2021): https:\/\/politi.co\/3sNOlGp<\/span><\/p>\n

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